Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

The widespread use of computer keyboards has turned carpel tunnel syndrome (CTS) into a household term. CTS is a disorder of the hand and wrist in which a nerve becomes compressed and irritated, resulting in pain, tingling and numbness. It usually develops after months or years of repetitive strain, excessive wrist bending or stressful wrist postures. Besides computer users, pianists, artists, factory workers, supermarket clerks, and tool users are prone to the condition. People who have arthritis, a thyroid gland imbalance, diabetes, hormonal changes associated with menopause or who are pregnant are also at greater risk for CTS.

Painful tingling in one or both hands at night is usually the first symptom of carpal tunnel syndrome. As symptoms progress, tingling may be felt during the day, usually in the thumb, index or middle fingers. The ability and power to squeeze things may diminish. A patient may lose strength in the fingers, appear clumsy in performing tasks such as picking up small objects or tying shoes.

Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent CTS from getting worse. Treatment options depend on the severity of the condition. Wearing a brace or splint at night to keep the wrist from bending is usually recommended. Applying ice packs and resting the area, if possible, may help. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, which include over-the-counter drugs like aspirin and ibuprofen, as well as prescription medicines, may be prescribed.

In more severe cases, an injection of cortisone to reduce swelling in the carpal tunnel may be performed. Finally, for those cases that do not respond to more conservative treatment, surgery may be performed on an outpatient basis to cut the ligament that forms the roof of the carpal tunnel. This releases pressure on the median nerve to alleviate pain and tingling. Physical therapy exercises will probably be necessary

Prevention
Preventing or controlling CTS involves relieving awkward wrist positions and repetitive hand movements, as well as reducing vibration to the hands and wrists. When performing a task, keep wrists straight and let your arms and shoulders share the stress. Pick up items with the entire hand or both hands. When working at a desk, shoulders should be at a neutral position, neither forward nor back, elbows should be at a 90 degree angle, forearms should be parallel to the floor and wrists should be straight.